ADD vs. ADHD: Key Differences Explained

You've probably come across the terms ADD and ADHD in school meetings, casual chats, or even on social media, but what do they really signify? Are they the same thing? This blog post will explore the essential differences between these two conditions and provide valuable insights for individuals living with attention deficits and their families. Let's read on and find out! This blog post will explore the essential differences between these two conditions and provide valuable insights into coping with ADHD. Let's read on and find out!

What Is ADD?

Attention Deficit Disorder, in the past was commonly referred to as ADD is no longer used as it is not a DSM 5 diagnosis.

What Is ADHD?

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the modern term that covers various types of attention deficit disorders, including what was previously referred to as ADD. ADHD encompasses three primary presentations:

• Predominantly Inattentive Presentation: This is akin to what was formerly known as ADD. Some people might struggle with organizing tasks, adhering to instructions, and maintaining focus during activities.
• Predominantly Hyperactive/Impulsive Presentation: Individuals in this category exhibit marked hyperactivity and impulsivity.
• Combined Presentation: This occurs when both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms are evident, and it represents the most common type of ADHD.

Key Differences Between ADD and ADHD

Symptoms

Although in the past ADD was a separate diagnosis from ADHD, it is not an official DSM diagnosis any longer and rather, refers to ADHD in which individuals have predominantly inattentive symptoms. ADHD inattentive type is characterized by difficulties with concentration and attention. Individuals may find themselves zoning out during conversations, missing details in their work, or struggling to finish tasks. Other symptoms of ADHD include:

• Hyperactivity: This might manifest as excessive talking, fidgeting, or an inability to remain still during quiet activities. Children may run around or climb on furniture, while adults might feel restless or find it hard to relax.
• Impulsivity: People with ADHD may have difficulty waiting their turn, blurting out answers in class or conversations, and making hasty decisions without considering the consequences. This impulsive behavior can lead to problems in social situations and decision-making.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing ADHD can be complex, often requiring a thorough evaluation by healthcare professionals. The criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) guide the diagnosis.

For ADHD, symptoms must be present for at least six months and interfere with functioning in two or more settings (e.g., home and school). Symptoms of ADHD typically appear before the age of 12, although they can sometimes go unrecognized for years, especially in individuals with the inattentive presentation.

While ADD is not officially recognized anymore, its symptoms fall under the predominantly inattentive presentation of ADHD. Clinicians will focus on particular behaviors to determine whether someone fits this profile or another type of ADHD. Hyperactive symptoms often become apparent earlier and are more likely to draw attention from parents and teachers.

Prevalence

Statistics suggest that ADHD affects approximately 5% of children worldwide, with many continuing to experience symptoms into adulthood. The prevalence of ADD, specifically, is harder to quantify since it falls under the broader ADHD category, but it's estimated that a significant portion of those diagnosed with ADHD may relate more closely to what was previously termed ADD.

Treatment Options for ADHD

Treatment plans usually incorporate medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes. What works for one person may vary greatly for another, so it's essential to have open communication with healthcare providers.

Medications for ADHD

• Stimulant Medications: They are the most commonly prescribed for ADHD. Examples include methylphenidate (like Ritalin) and amphetamine-based products (like Adderall). These medications work by increasing dopamine levels in the brain, which helps improve focus and reduce impulsivity, but they may also cause side effects such as insomnia and decreased appetite.
• Non-Stimulant Options: For those who can't tolerate stimulants or prefer not to use them, this option can be beneficial for individuals with primarily inattentive symptoms.

Pro Tips: It's always suggested to consult a healthcare professional before starting any medication. Ideally, you can confirm your treatment plan through an online consultation service before obtaining a prescription. This helps avoid unnecessary risks associated with self-medication. Look for reputable platforms, such as Mindful Health, which offers fast, convenient, and expert mental health services tailored to your needs.

Behavioral Therapies

• Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of therapy that helps people deal with problems, get things in order, and control their negative thoughts. It works especially well for adults and kids.
• ADHD coaching provides tools that helps people come up with practical solutions that help individuals cope with their ADHD symptoms, get things in order, and control and develop good problem solving strategies. . It works especially well for adults and kids.
• For kids, parent training programs give caregivers tools like clear communication skills and set habits to help their child grow.

Lifestyle Modifications

• Organizing tools like planners and reminders can help you keep track of your daily tasks, concentrate, and get things done.
• Mindfulness practices, like meditation and mindful breathing, can help people with ADD or ADHD learn how to control their behavior. Regular exercise also eases symptoms and improves health in general.

Educate Yourself on ADD and ADHD!

Learning the different subtypes of ADHD is essential for anyone managing these conditions or providing support to someone affected by them. If you think you or someone close to you might have ADHD in any of its forms , it's a good idea to contact a healthcare professional for assessment and assistance. Awareness and education are key to reducing the stigma surrounding attention deficit disorders. Every individual should have access to the resources and insights necessary for growth, whether that involves pursuing medication, engaging in therapy, or simply finding connection with others who have similar experiences.